We conducted archaeoastronomy studies at the Solar Drum of the Koricancha to verify the research of Rolf Müller, a professor of astronomy at the University of Potsdam, as detailed in his work Der Himmel über den Menschen der Steinzeit (1970).

Müller, applying the method Lockyer used in Egypt, reasoned as follows: the tilt of the Earth's axis (the obliquity of the ecliptic) changes very slowly over thousands of years, and with it the point on the horizon where the Sun rises at the solstices. If the stones were aligned with a tilt of 24°, the construction would be at least 4,000 years old.

From his measurements at the Temple of the Sun of the Incas (Koricancha), he suggested that the temple was built so that the Sun's rays would shine directly into the sancta sanctorum (solar drum) at dawn on the December solstice (21 December), the summer solstice in the southern hemisphere and the time of the great Inca festival of Qhapaq Raymi. He concluded that the perfectly aligned stones of the Solar Drum were oriented for the era between 4000 and 2000 BCE and were as ancient as the polygonal megalithic constructions of the same period - Sonne, Mond und Sterne über dem Reich der Inka (1972).

In terms of orthodox history, this assertion constitutes a heresy of daring proportions. Nonetheless, many of us, like Müller, are convinced that some parts of these sites are thousands of years older than the dates proposed by orthodox historians and archaeologists. Experts from various disciplines who have studied Saqsaywaman, Koricancha, and Machu Picchu currently disagree with the accepted antiquity of these monuments.

More studies and new data are required to resolve these doubts. We believe that in the near future, thanks to the application of new disciplines such as modern archaeoastronomy, combined with the latest anthropological and archaeological research, many existing ideas regarding the antiquity of civilization in the Americas will be overturned.

If this were confirmed, the controversial chronology of Fernando Montesinos would deserve to be re-examined. Montesinos tells us that the 40th monarch of the Ancient Empire founded an academy for the study of astronomy and astrology and determined the equinoxes. The fact that this monarch was given the title of Pachacutec indicates that the calendar of that time was poorly synchronized with celestial phenomena, necessitating its reform.

This is an exceptionally intriguing piece of information that has been largely disregarded. According to Montesinos, in the fifth year of this monarch's reign, 2,500 years had passed since the Zero Point, and 2,000 years since the beginning of the Ancient Empire.